Chapter 5 RGB LED
=========================
In this chapter, we will learn how to control a RGB LED. It can emit different 
colors of light. Next, we will use RGB LED to make a multicolored light.

Project 5.1 Random Color Light
--------------------------------
In this project, we will make a multicolored LED. And we can control RGB LED to 
switch different colors automatically.

Component List
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
- ESP32-S3-WROOM x1
- GPIO Extension Board x1
- 830 Tie-Points Breadboard x1
- LED-RGB x1
- Resistor 220Ω x3
- Jumper Wire x4

Component knowledge
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
:ref:`RGB-LED <cpn_rgb_led>`
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

Connect
^^^^^^^^^

.. image:: img/connect/5.png

Code
^^^^^^^
We need to create three PWM channels and use random duty cycle to make random RGBLED color.
Move the program folder :file:`Super_Starter_Kit_for_ESP32_S3/Python/Python_Codes` to disk(D) in advance with the path of “D:/Micropython_Codes”.

Open “Thonny”, click :file:`This computer/D:/Micropython_Codes/05.1_RandomColorLight` and double click “RandomColorLight.py”.

**05.1_RandomColorLight**

.. image:: img/software/5.1.png

Click “Run current script”, RGBLED begins to display random colors.

The following is the program code:

.. code-block:: python

    from machine import Pin,PWM
    from random import randint
    import time

    pins=[38,39,40]

    pwm0=PWM(Pin(pins[0]),10000)
    pwm1=PWM(Pin(pins[1]),10000)
    pwm2=PWM(Pin(pins[2]),10000)

    def setColor(r,g,b):
        pwm0.duty(1023-r)
        pwm1.duty(1023-g)
        pwm2.duty(1023-b)
        
    try:
        while True:
            red   = randint(0,1023)
            green = randint(0,1023)
            blue  = randint(0,1023)
            setColor(red,green,blue)
            time.sleep_ms(200)
    except:
        pwm0.deinit()
        pwm1.deinit()
        pwm2.deinit()

Project 5.2 Gradient Color Light
------------------------------------
In the previous project, we have mastered the usage of RGB LED, but the random 
display of colors is rather stiff. This project will realize a fashionable light 
with soft color changes. 

Component list and the circuit are exactly the same as the random color light. 

Using a color model, the color changes from 0 to 255 as shown below.

.. image:: img/other/5.2.png

In this code, the color model will be implemented and RGBLED will change colors 
along the model. Open “Thonny”, click :file:`This computer/D:/Micropython_Codes/05.2_GradientColorLight` and double click “GradientColorLight.py”.

**05.2_GradientColorLight**

The following is the program code:

.. code-block:: python

    from machine import Pin,PWM
    import time

    pins=[15,2,0];

    pwm0=PWM(Pin(pins[0]),1000)
    pwm1=PWM(Pin(pins[1]),1000)
    pwm2=PWM(Pin(pins[2]),1000)

    red=0                  #red
    green=0                #green
    blue=0                 #blue

    def setColor():
        pwm0.duty(red)
        pwm1.duty(green)
        pwm2.duty(blue)

    def wheel(pos):
        global red,green,blue
        WheelPos=pos%1023
        print(WheelPos)
        if WheelPos<341:
            red=1023-WheelPos*3
            green=WheelPos*3
            blue=0
            
        elif WheelPos>=341 and WheelPos<682:
            WheelPos -= 341;
            red=0
            green=1023-WheelPos*3
            blue=WheelPos*3
        else :
            WheelPos -= 682;
            red=WheelPos*3
            green=0
            blue=1023-WheelPos*3

    try:
        while True:
            for i in range(0,1023):
                wheel(i)
                setColor()
                time.sleep_ms(15)
    except:
        pwm0.deinit()
        pwm1.deinit()
        pwm2.deinit()